1 Demographic Profile

1.0.1 Race and Ethnicity

White and Non-White Population Composition, 1790-2020. Inherent limitations of and inconsistencies across historical census data collections require simplifying long-term population trends into ‘white’ and ‘nonwhite.’

Figure 1.1: White and Non-White Population Composition, 1790-2020. Inherent limitations of and inconsistencies across historical census data collections require simplifying long-term population trends into ‘white’ and ‘nonwhite.’

Population Composition by Race & Ethnicity, 2012-2022. According to US Census data, in 2022 76% of residents identified as White, 9% as Black or African American, 6% as Asian, 6% as Hispanic or Latino, and 3% as Multiracial. Less than 1% identified as American Indian/Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, or an Other Racial Identity.

Figure 1.2: Population Composition by Race & Ethnicity, 2012-2022. According to US Census data, in 2022 76% of residents identified as White, 9% as Black or African American, 6% as Asian, 6% as Hispanic or Latino, and 3% as Multiracial. Less than 1% identified as American Indian/Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, or an Other Racial Identity.

1.0.2 Age & Sex

Age of Residents: 2012 vs 2022. In 2022, 26% of county residents were under 20 years, 30% were between 20 and 44 years, 23% were 45-64 years, and 19% were 65 years and older.

Figure 1.3: Age of Residents: 2012 vs 2022. In 2022, 26% of county residents were under 20 years, 30% were between 20 and 44 years, 23% were 45-64 years, and 19% were 65 years and older.

Sex by Age Group. In the US Census American Community Survey, 2022, 51% of residents identified as female and 49% identified as male.

Figure 1.4: Sex by Age Group. In the US Census American Community Survey, 2022, 51% of residents identified as female and 49% identified as male.

1.0.3 Nativity & Language

Nativity of Residents. In 2022, 10% of residents were born outside of the United States, including naturalized citizens. 90% of residents were born in the US, in US territories, or born abroad of American parents.

Figure 1.5: Nativity of Residents. In 2022, 10% of residents were born outside of the United States, including naturalized citizens. 90% of residents were born in the US, in US territories, or born abroad of American parents.

Residents Born Outside the US by Place of Birth, 2022. Of foreign-born residents, 42% were born in Asia, 32% Latin America, including Mexico as part of Central America, 16% Europe, 2% Northern America, 7% Africa, and 1% Oceania.

Figure 1.6: Residents Born Outside the US by Place of Birth, 2022. Of foreign-born residents, 42% were born in Asia, 32% Latin America, including Mexico as part of Central America, 16% Europe, 2% Northern America, 7% Africa, and 1% Oceania.

Limited & Non-Limited English Speaking Households, 2022. 87% of households speak only English, 11% of households are multilingual including English, and 2% are limited English speaking households.

Figure 1.7: Limited & Non-Limited English Speaking Households, 2022. 87% of households speak only English, 11% of households are multilingual including English, and 2% are limited English speaking households.

Limited & Non-Limited English Speaking Households by Language, 2022. Of the approximately 835 linguistically isolated households, 468 speak Spanish, 163 Chinese (incl. Mandarin, Cantonese), 25 Arabic, 20 Korean, 11 Vietnamese, 21 Other Asian and Pacific Island languages, 111 Other Indo-European languages, 12 Other and unspecified languages.

Figure 1.8: Limited & Non-Limited English Speaking Households by Language, 2022. Of the approximately 835 linguistically isolated households, 468 speak Spanish, 163 Chinese (incl. Mandarin, Cantonese), 25 Arabic, 20 Korean, 11 Vietnamese, 21 Other Asian and Pacific Island languages, 111 Other Indo-European languages, 12 Other and unspecified languages.

1.0.4 Disability

Disability Status by Age Group, 2022. Approximately 10,339 people identify as having a disability, with over half of those aged 65 and older (5,479 people).

Figure 1.9: Disability Status by Age Group, 2022. Approximately 10,339 people identify as having a disability, with over half of those aged 65 and older (5,479 people).

Number of people identifying as having a particular disability. Census-defined categories and the number of people include hearing difficulties (3,414), vision difficulties (1,621), cognitive difficulties (3,830), ambulatory difficulties (4,866), self-care difficulties (2,366), and independent living difficulties (4,268).

Figure 1.10: Number of people identifying as having a particular disability. Census-defined categories and the number of people include hearing difficulties (3,414), vision difficulties (1,621), cognitive difficulties (3,830), ambulatory difficulties (4,866), self-care difficulties (2,366), and independent living difficulties (4,268).

1.0.5 LGBTQIA+ Communities

2 Human Development Framework

American Human Developement Index: Comparison Across Benchmark Localities
American HD Index Health Access to Knowledge Living Standards
Life Expectancy (years) At Least High School Diploma At Least Bachelor’s Degree Graduate Degree School Enrollment Median Earnings (2022 $)
Charlottesville & Albemarle Combined 6.8 81 93% 60% 30% 86% $45,838
Albemarle 7.1 82 94% 60% 30% 86% $49,170
Charlottesville 6.0 79 92% 59% 31% 86% $36,222
Virginia 5.7 78 91% 41% 18% 76% $46,815
Data Sources: Life Expectancy: County Health Rankings, 2024. Education and Earnings: US Census ACS, 2022.

3 Long and Health Life

3.0.1 Life Expectancy

3.0.2 Food Security

3.0.3 Health Outcomes & Prevention

3.0.4 Health Insurance

4 Access to Knowledge

4.0.1 Degree Attainment

Educational Attainment by Race/Ethnicity for the population 25 years and over, 2022. While 60% of residents overall have a bachelor's degree or higher, 26% of Black residents, 36% of Hispanic residents, and 64% of white residents have BA's or higher.

Figure 4.1: Educational Attainment by Race/Ethnicity for the population 25 years and over, 2022. While 60% of residents overall have a bachelor’s degree or higher, 26% of Black residents, 36% of Hispanic residents, and 64% of white residents have BA’s or higher.

4.0.2 School Enrollment

3 to 24 year olds enrolled in school: 86%

4.0.3 AP & Dual Enrollment

AP & Dual Enrollment in ACPS, 2022.

Figure 4.2: AP & Dual Enrollment in ACPS, 2022.

4.0.4 Suspensions !2022-2023

Short Term Suspension Incidents by Race/Ethnicity

Figure 4.3: Short Term Suspension Incidents by Race/Ethnicity

4.0.5 Chronic Absenteeism !2022-2023

Chronic Absenteeism in ACPS

Figure 4.4: Chronic Absenteeism in ACPS

5 Decent Standard of Living: Economic Security and Housing Profile

5.0.1 Earnings and Income

Median Household Income by Race/Ethnicity

Figure 5.1: Median Household Income by Race/Ethnicity

5.0.2 Struggling Families: Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed (ALICE)

ALICE Households by Race/Ethnicity

Figure 5.2: ALICE Households by Race/Ethnicity

5.0.3 Housing: Renters and Owners

Home Ownership by Race: 2012 & 2022

Figure 5.3: Home Ownership by Race: 2012 & 2022